点评网站模板,易语言网站开发教程,百度竞价推广的优势,中国品牌设计50强教学文档#xff1a;
黑马教学文档
Docker Docker的安装 镜像和容器 命令解读 常见命令 案例
查看DockerHub#xff0c;拉取Nginx镜像#xff0c;创建并运行容器 搜索Nginx镜像#xff1a;在 www.hub.docker.com 网站进行查询
拉取镜像#xff1a;
docker pull ngin…教学文档
黑马教学文档
Docker Docker的安装 镜像和容器 命令解读 常见命令 案例
查看DockerHub拉取Nginx镜像创建并运行容器 搜索Nginx镜像在 www.hub.docker.com 网站进行查询
拉取镜像
docker pull nginx 查看本地镜像列表
docker images
将拉取到本地的镜像进行打包保存为文件
[rootserver02 ~]# docker save --help//查询docker save的命令的用法Usage: docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)Aliases:docker image save, docker save//由此可知 该命令有 -o 表示设置 镜像的存储文件nginx.tar
Options:-o, --output string Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
[rootserver02 ~]# ^C
[rootserver02 ~]# docker save -o nginx.tar nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg dist.zip hello install.sh nginx.tar RDM-用户需求说明书.doc 公共 视频 文档 音乐
Desktop download hello-nginx.zip jdk-17.0.8_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz original-ks.cfg xp-install.log 模板 图片 下载 桌面
[rootserver02 ~]#删除本地镜像
[rootserver02 ~]# docker rmi nginx
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginxsha256:fad8e1cd52e24bce7b72cd7cb674a2efad671647b917055f5bd8a1f7ac9b1af8
Deleted: sha256:3f8a4339aadda5897b744682f5f774dc69991a81af8d715d37a616bb4c99edf5
Deleted: sha256:bb528503f6f01b70cd8de94372e1e3196fad3b28da2f69b105e95934263b0487
Deleted: sha256:410204d28a96d436e31842a740ad0c827f845d22e06f3b1ff19c3b22706c3ed4
Deleted: sha256:2ec5c0a4cb57c0af7c16ceda0b0a87a54f01f027ed33836a5669ca266cafe97a
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d81b6044c59d mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 18 hours ago Up 17 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]#提取本地镜像文件
[rootserver02 ~]# docker load --helpUsage: docker load [OPTIONS]Load an image from a tar archive or STDINAliases:docker image load, docker loadOptions:-i, --input string Read from tar archive file, instead of STDIN-q 表示是否显示提去细节-q, --quiet Suppress the load output
[rootserver02 ~]#提去本地文件只需要指定文件名即可[rootserver02 ~]# docker load -i nginx.tar
2ec5c0a4cb57: Loading layer [] 58.43MB/58.43MB
73e2bd445514: Loading layer [] 53.76MB/53.76MB
a103d141fc98: Loading layer [] 3.584kB/3.584kB
Loaded image: nginx:latest
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d81b6044c59d mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 19 hours ago Up 23 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql latest be960704dfac 2 weeks ago 602MB
nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 6 years ago 108MB
[rootserver02 ~]#创建并运行NGINX容器 d81b6044c59d mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 20 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 90:80 nginx
cd42761dd7ead46aa2c0a9147f5fe0c1f9d200a253cfeee584d6b03d6c66a30b查看容器
# 第5步查看运行中容器
docker ps
# 也可以加格式化方式访问格式会更加清爽
docker ps --format table {{.ID}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Names}}
关闭进程
[rootserver02 ~]# docker stop nginx
nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cd42761dd7ea nginx nginx -g daemon of… About a minute ago Exited (0) 4 seconds ago nginx
d81b6044c59d mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 20 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]#启动容器
[rootserver02 ~]# docker start nginx
nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cd42761dd7ea nginx nginx -g daemon of… 2 minutes ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:90-80/tcp, :::90-80/tcp nginx
d81b6044c59d mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 20 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]#查看容器详细信息
# 第11步查看容器详细信息
docker inspect nginx
进入容器
# 第12步进入容器,查看容器内目录
-it 表示进入命令行交互
bash 为指定交互 语言
docker exec -it nginx bash
# 或者可以进入MySQL
docker exec -it mysql mysql -uroot -p
删除容器
# 第13步删除容器
docker rm nginx
# 发现无法删除因为容器运行中强制删除容器
docker rm -f nginx[rootserver02 ~]# docker rm nginx
Error response from daemon: cannot remove container /nginx: container is running: stop the container before removing or force remove
[rootserver02 ~]# docker rm -f nginx
nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d81b6044c59d mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 20 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]#命令别名
设置别名root目录下 .bashrc文件进行设置
# .bashrc# User specific aliases and functionsalias rmrm -i
alias cpcp -i
alias mvmv -i# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then. /etc/bashrc
fi
~
~
~
~修改文件
# 修改/root/.bashrc文件
vi /root/.bashrc
内容如下
# .bashrc# User specific aliases and functionsalias rmrm -i
alias cpcp -i
alias mvmv -i
alias dpsdocker ps --format table {{.ID}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Ports}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Names}}
alias disdocker images# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then. /etc/bashrc
fi
执行命令使别名生效
source /root/.bashrc
实例
[rootserver02 ~]# vim .bashrc
[rootserver02 ~]# source /root/.bashrc
[rootserver02 ~]# dps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE PORTS STATUS NAMES
d81b6044c59d mysql 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp Up 3 hours mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# dis
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql latest be960704dfac 2 weeks ago 602MB
nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 6 years ago 108MB
[rootserver02 ~]#数据卷
案例利用Nginx容器部署静态资源 进入容器内部
[rootserver02 ~]# docker exec -it nginx bash
通过在DockerHub中查找可知Nginx的静态资源存放在 ‘/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html’文件中由于容器没有提供非必要的依赖所以没有修改文件的命令vim无法修改由此引入数据卷。
[rootserver02 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql latest be960704dfac 2 weeks ago 602MB
nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 6 years ago 108MB
[rootserver02 ~]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 90:80 nginx
4081207a48ee7f1338b2136166b72f1adb424f5482193ab2a52e9c747acd481d
[rootserver02 ~]# docker exec -it nginx bash
root4081207a48ee:/# ls
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
root4081207a48ee:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html
root4081207a48ee:/usr/share/nginx/html# ls
50x.html index.html
root4081207a48ee:/usr/share/nginx/html# vi index.html
bash: vi: command not found
root4081207a48ee:/usr/share/nginx/html#删除原有的Nginx的容器[rootserver02 ~]# docker rm -f nginx
nginx创建新的容器并创建数据卷设置数据卷名称为html根据容器中的存储位置指定[rootserver02 ~]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 90:80 -v html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx
c0f9d2c91c9dd88f2e767bda76453f0f836585c71b4dc129886850bc7a2fe130
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c0f9d2c91c9d nginx nginx -g daemon of… 8 seconds ago Up 6 seconds 0.0.0.0:90-80/tcp, :::90-80/tcp nginx
d81b6044c59d mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 22 hours ago Up 4 hours 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# docker volume psUsage: docker volume COMMANDManage volumesCommands:create Create a volumeinspect Display detailed information on one or more volumesls List volumesprune Remove unused local volumesrm Remove one or more volumesupdate Update a volume (cluster volumes only)Run docker volume COMMAND --help for more information on a command.显示所有的数据卷[rootserver02 ~]# docker volume ls
DRIVER VOLUME NAME
local bb415299e39a1c7425861ee4add16668301e28c419cde8e35f5c436a69f228a4
local html展示数据卷的详情信息其中有宿主机中文件的位置
[rootserver02 ~]# docker volume inspect html[{CreatedAt: 2024-11-02T19:57:1008:00,Driver: local,Labels: null,Mountpoint: /var/lib/docker/volumes/html/_data,Name: html,Options: null,Scope: local}
]
[rootserver02 ~]# ^C进入宿主机的文件位置
[rootserver02 ~]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/html/_data
[rootserver02 _data]# ls
50x.html index.html
[rootserver02 _data]# cat index.html容器中的数据
!DOCTYPE html
html
head
titleWelcome to nginx!/title
stylebody {width: 35em;margin: 0 auto;font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;}
/style
/head
body
h1Welcome to nginx!/h1
pIf you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required./ppFor online documentation and support please refer to
a hrefhttp://nginx.org/nginx.org/a.br/
Commercial support is available at
a hrefhttp://nginx.com/nginx.com/a./ppemThank you for using nginx./em/p
/body
/html
[rootserver02 _data]#案例2:Mysql数据挂载 查看Mysql容器的详细挂载
# 1.查看MySQL容器详细信息
docker inspect mysql
# 关注其中.Config.Volumes部分和.Mounts部分 [rootserver02 _data]# docker inspect mysql
[{Id: d81b6044c59d6dc6bdfd89ee6308b24c8b15bc62a67e58eb58a51471663fdb11,Created: 2024-11-01T13:40:38.673884478Z,Path: docker-entrypoint.sh,Args: [mysqld],State: {Status: running,Running: true,Paused: false,Restarting: false,OOMKilled: false,Dead: false,Pid: 1988,ExitCode: 0,Error: ,StartedAt: 2024-11-02T12:43:18.287204296Z,FinishedAt: 2024-11-02T12:42:46.40149356Z},Image: sha256:be960704dfac8744a2e2df80c90087551a998ac008916b9d1423d7b0c5ee33ea,ResolvConfPath: /var/lib/docker/containers/d81b6044c59d6dc6bdfd89ee6308b24c8b15bc62a67e58eb58a51471663fdb11/resolv.conf,HostnamePath: /var/lib/docker/containers/d81b6044c59d6dc6bdfd89ee6308b24c8b15bc62a67e58eb58a51471663fdb11/hostname,HostsPath: /var/lib/docker/containers/d81b6044c59d6dc6bdfd89ee6308b24c8b15bc62a67e58eb58a51471663fdb11/hosts,LogPath: /var/lib/docker/containers/d81b6044c59d6dc6bdfd89ee6308b24c8b15bc62a67e58eb58a51471663fdb11/d81b6044c59d6dc6bdfd89ee6308b24c8b15bc62a67e58eb58a51471663fdb11-json.log,Name: /mysql,RestartCount: 0,Driver: overlay2,Platform: linux,MountLabel: ,ProcessLabel: ,AppArmorProfile: ,ExecIDs: null,HostConfig: {Binds: null,ContainerIDFile: ,LogConfig: {Type: json-file,Config: {}},NetworkMode: bridge,PortBindings: {3306/tcp: [{HostIp: ,HostPort: 3306}]},RestartPolicy: {Name: always,MaximumRetryCount: 0},AutoRemove: false,VolumeDriver: ,VolumesFrom: null,ConsoleSize: [40,80],CapAdd: null,CapDrop: null,CgroupnsMode: host,Dns: [],DnsOptions: [],DnsSearch: [],ExtraHosts: null,GroupAdd: null,IpcMode: private,Cgroup: ,Links: null,OomScoreAdj: 0,PidMode: ,Privileged: false,PublishAllPorts: false,ReadonlyRootfs: false,SecurityOpt: null,UTSMode: ,UsernsMode: ,ShmSize: 67108864,Runtime: runc,Isolation: ,CpuShares: 0,Memory: 0,NanoCpus: 0,CgroupParent: ,BlkioWeight: 0,BlkioWeightDevice: [],BlkioDeviceReadBps: [],BlkioDeviceWriteBps: [],BlkioDeviceReadIOps: [],BlkioDeviceWriteIOps: [],CpuPeriod: 0,CpuQuota: 0,CpuRealtimePeriod: 0,CpuRealtimeRuntime: 0,CpusetCpus: ,CpusetMems: ,Devices: [],DeviceCgroupRules: null,DeviceRequests: null,MemoryReservation: 0,MemorySwap: 0,MemorySwappiness: null,OomKillDisable: false,PidsLimit: null,Ulimits: [],CpuCount: 0,CpuPercent: 0,IOMaximumIOps: 0,IOMaximumBandwidth: 0,MaskedPaths: [/proc/asound,/proc/acpi,/proc/kcore,/proc/keys,/proc/latency_stats,/proc/timer_list,/proc/timer_stats,/proc/sched_debug,/proc/scsi,/sys/firmware,/sys/devices/virtual/powercap],ReadonlyPaths: [/proc/bus,/proc/fs,/proc/irq,/proc/sys,/proc/sysrq-trigger]},GraphDriver: {Data: {LowerDir: /var/lib/docker/overlay2/3cf60d95239daad11fb5ab3980198891888748066b529da9d663da08d9dbcf7f-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2e296e4d0a879890f34b553a9c3f59fa842faf33f37cdd692113dd269ec1adef/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2c31d039bb31ffb6ac4da3b76ee29ac8ee1b7b918c7be92595d9a76c63cbf0e0/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7a1225bf1b17ea29ec4595d8fb4b2b41e3a65f9f7ea532181bca4c259cc8df8d/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9c123ce4975933c8fdd1d01976c202afd48c4f7425e97ee29b363984c26898bb/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2e56e6f4d9796d51c25133bdf1f652254678c379a584edc4dd4340b1af1b6a36/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e8e715b5664a9962b35f9bbf33f62d814d7de58a29c11da00a2c9b41c9eb51da/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/36f7c8ada99b2753cb094209970fa771f5d104b1e1c04a3234fea11260f5055c/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c4ddb63b3f27ffc789739b457035c23e6c7cd762e2a58da055a0f8ccb6c2e7f7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/66bc1e7635002279b4e9a3167244ac63845ac61f0bbf1e69ce7b2acfc2f45ee0/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fa8051a8bb240be1431a320cc952996f212a9a0282a8d2e31e15ad2817a6bc29/diff,MergedDir: /var/lib/docker/overlay2/3cf60d95239daad11fb5ab3980198891888748066b529da9d663da08d9dbcf7f/merged,UpperDir: /var/lib/docker/overlay2/3cf60d95239daad11fb5ab3980198891888748066b529da9d663da08d9dbcf7f/diff,WorkDir: /var/lib/docker/overlay2/3cf60d95239daad11fb5ab3980198891888748066b529da9d663da08d9dbcf7f/work},Name: overlay2},Mounts: [{Type: volume,Name: bb415299e39a1c7425861ee4add16668301e28c419cde8e35f5c436a69f228a4,Source: /var/lib/docker/volumes/bb415299e39a1c7425861ee4add16668301e28c419cde8e35f5c436a69f228a4/_data,Destination: /var/lib/mysql,Driver: local,Mode: ,RW: true,Propagation: }],Config: {Hostname: d81b6044c59d,Domainname: ,User: ,AttachStdin: false,AttachStdout: false,AttachStderr: false,ExposedPorts: {3306/tcp: {},33060/tcp: {}},Tty: false,OpenStdin: false,StdinOnce: false,Env: [TZAsia/Shanghai,MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD123,PATH/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin,GOSU_VERSION1.17,MYSQL_MAJORinnovation,MYSQL_VERSION9.1.0-1.el9,MYSQL_SHELL_VERSION9.1.0-1.el9],Cmd: [mysqld],Image: mysql,Volumes: {/var/lib/mysql: {}},WorkingDir: /,Entrypoint: [docker-entrypoint.sh],OnBuild: null,Labels: {}},NetworkSettings: {Bridge: ,SandboxID: 99e3029f08cd8edcaf9feac159a4a80a295b2751a97e3ab7f8ccd098ba3edfcd,SandboxKey: /var/run/docker/netns/99e3029f08cd,Ports: {3306/tcp: [{HostIp: 0.0.0.0,HostPort: 3306},{HostIp: ::,HostPort: 3306}],33060/tcp: null},HairpinMode: false,LinkLocalIPv6Address: ,LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen: 0,SecondaryIPAddresses: null,SecondaryIPv6Addresses: null,EndpointID: bb696f63baf3dfc2a498766837c478b3e535bd0d07414b66db75af55f57438bb,Gateway: 172.17.0.1,GlobalIPv6Address: ,GlobalIPv6PrefixLen: 0,IPAddress: 172.17.0.2,IPPrefixLen: 16,IPv6Gateway: ,MacAddress: 02:42:ac:11:00:02,Networks: {bridge: {IPAMConfig: null,Links: null,Aliases: null,MacAddress: 02:42:ac:11:00:02,NetworkID: 2479e9c603f8bd3f6a4815a430cfdc37081daa5fd57ad1a8225a92e309c7dd90,EndpointID: bb696f63baf3dfc2a498766837c478b3e535bd0d07414b66db75af55f57438bb,Gateway: 172.17.0.1,IPAddress: 172.17.0.2,IPPrefixLen: 16,IPv6Gateway: ,GlobalIPv6Address: ,GlobalIPv6PrefixLen: 0,DriverOpts: null,DNSNames: null}}}}
]
[rootserver02 _data]#Mounts部分为挂载信息在创建容器时就自动创建挂载用来存储数据库中的数据。使用的是匿名卷
可以发现其中有几个关键属性 Name数据卷名称。由于定义容器未设置容器名这里的就是匿名卷自动生成的名字一串hash值。 Source宿主机目录 Destination : 容器内的目录
上述配置是将容器内的/var/lib/mysql这个目录与数据卷bb415299e39a1c7425861ee4add16668301e28c419cde8e35f5c436a69f228a4挂载。于是在宿主机中就有了/var/lib/docker/volumes/bb415299e39a1c7425861ee4add16668301e28c419cde8e35f5c436a69f228a4/_data这个目录。这就是匿名数据卷对应的目录其使用方式与普通数据卷没有差别。
可以发现数据卷的目录结构较深如果我们去操作数据卷目录会不太方便。在很多情况下我们会直接将容器目录与宿主机指定目录挂载。挂载语法与数据卷类似
# 挂载本地目录
-v 本地目录:容器内目录
# 挂载本地文件
-v 本地文件:容器内文件
注意本地目录或文件必须以 / 或 ./开头如果直接以名字开头会被识别为数据卷名而非本地目录名。
-v mysql:/var/lib/mysql # 会被识别为一个数据卷叫mysql运行时会自动创建这个数据卷
-v ./mysql:/var/lib/mysql # 会被识别为当前目录下的mysql目录运行时如果不存在会创建目录
创建要挂载的文件夹并将提供的资料中的文件拉人文件夹中,包括配置文件和初始化数据库文件。
[rootserver02 _data]# ^C
[rootserver02 _data]# cd /root
[rootserver02 ~]# mkdir mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# cd mysql
[rootserver02 mysql]# mkdir data
[rootserver02 mysql]# mkdir init
[rootserver02 mysql]# mkdir conf
[rootserver02 mysql]# ls
conf data init
[rootserver02 mysql]#删除已存在的数据库容器
[rootserver02 mysql]# docker rm -f mysql
mysql
[rootserver02 mysql]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c0f9d2c91c9d nginx nginx -g daemon of… 2 hours ago Up 34 minutes 0.0.0.0:90-80/tcp, :::90-80/tcp nginx
[rootserver02 mysql]#修改新的数据库容器的创建语句
docker run -d \--name mysql \-p 3306:3306 \-e TZAsia/Shanghai \-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD123 \-v ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \-v ./mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \-v ./mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d \mysql
# 4.查看root目录可以发现~/mysql/data目录已经自动创建好了
ls -l mysql
# 结果
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 20 5月 19 15:11 conf
drwxr-xr-x. 7 polkitd root 4096 5月 19 15:11 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 23 5月 19 15:11 init# 查看data目录会发现里面有大量数据库数据说明数据库完成了初始化
ls -l data# 5.查看MySQL容器内数据
# 5.1.进入MySQL
docker exec -it mysql mysql -uroot -p123
# 5.2.查看编码表
show variables like %char%;
# 5.3.结果发现编码是utf8mb4没有问题
----------------------------------------------------------
| Variable_name | Value |
----------------------------------------------------------
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8mb3 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
----------------------------------------------------------# 6.查看数据
# 6.1.查看数据库
show databases;
# 结果hmall是黑马商城数据库
--------------------
| Database |
--------------------
| hmall |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
--------------------
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
# 6.2.切换到hmall数据库
use hmall;
# 6.3.查看表
show tables;
# 结果
-----------------
| Tables_in_hmall |
-----------------
| address |
| cart |
| item |
| order |
| order_detail |
| order_logistics |
| pay_order |
| user |
-----------------
# 6.4.查看address表数据
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| id | user_id | province | city | town | mobile | street | contact | is_default | notes |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 59 | 1 | 北京 | 北京 | 朝阳区 | 13900112222 | 金燕龙办公楼 | 李佳诚 | 0 | NULL |
| 60 | 1 | 北京 | 北京 | 朝阳区 | 13700221122 | 修正大厦 | 李佳红 | 0 | NULL |
| 61 | 1 | 上海 | 上海 | 浦东新区 | 13301212233 | 航头镇航头路 | 李佳星 | 1 | NULL |
| 63 | 1 | 广东 | 佛山 | 永春 | 13301212233 | 永春武馆 | 李晓龙 | 0 | NULL |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
自定义镜像 例如要基于Ubuntu镜像来构建一个Java应用其Dockerfile内容如下
# 指定基础镜像
FROM ubuntu:16.04
# 配置环境变量JDK的安装目录、容器内时区
ENV JAVA_DIR/usr/local
ENV TZAsia/Shanghai
# 拷贝jdk和java项目的包
COPY ./jdk8.tar.gz $JAVA_DIR/
COPY ./docker-demo.jar /tmp/app.jar
# 设定时区
RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime echo $TZ /etc/timezone
# 安装JDK
RUN cd $JAVA_DIR \ tar -xf ./jdk8.tar.gz \ mv ./jdk1.8.0_144 ./java8
# 配置环境变量
ENV JAVA_HOME$JAVA_DIR/java8
ENV PATH$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
# 指定项目监听的端口
EXPOSE 8080
# 入口java项目的启动命令
ENTRYPOINT [java, -jar, /app.jar]
就有人提供了基础的系统加JDK环境我们在此基础上制作java镜像就可以省去JDK的配置了
# 基础镜像
FROM openjdk:11.0-jre-buster
# 设定时区
ENV TZAsia/Shanghai
RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime echo $TZ /etc/timezone
# 拷贝jar包
COPY docker-demo.jar /app.jar
# 入口
ENTRYPOINT [java, -jar, /app.jar]
由于要下载JDK到本地所以先上传JDK到本地镜像 [rootserver02 ~]# docker load -i jdk.tar
2c7e7ab2260a: Loading layer [] 119.3MB/119.3MB
9ad2165feb02: Loading layer [] 17.18MB/17.18MB
92903c3857f8: Loading layer [] 17.87MB/17.87MB
1736ab871b32: Loading layer [] 12.18MB/12.18MB
6f8e4cb95a88: Loading layer [] 3.584kB/3.584kB
41080a0c646f: Loading layer [] 141.8MB/141.8MB
Loaded image: openjdk:11.0-jre-buster
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -
docker ps accepts no arguments.
See docker ps --help.Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]List containers
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -A
unknown shorthand flag: A in -A
See docker ps --help.
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
dbf730d0ef60 mysql docker-entrypoint.s… About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
c0f9d2c91c9d nginx nginx -g daemon of… 3 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:90-80/tcp, :::90-80/tcp nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql latest be960704dfac 2 weeks ago 602MB
openjdk 11.0-jre-buster 57925f2e4cff 2 years ago 301MB
nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 6 years ago 108MB
[rootserver02 ~]# cd /root/demo
[rootserver02 demo]# docker build -t docker-demo:1.0 .
[] Building 1.0s (8/8) FINISHED docker:default [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s transferring dockerfile: 299B 0.0s [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre-buster 0.0s [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s transferring context: 2B 0.0s [1/3] FROM docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre-buster 0.1s [internal] load build context 0.2s transferring context: 17.70MB 0.2s [2/3] RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime echo Asia/Shanghai /etc/timezone 0.6s [3/3] COPY docker-demo.jar /app.jar 0.1s exporting to image 0.1s exporting layers 0.1s writing image sha256:9e95eddcf939bc4f47db257b48be435c1ef4fbe7f954155bb7ffd38c54ecb3f5 0.0s naming to docker.io/library/docker-demo:1.0 0.0s
[rootserver02 demo]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker-demo 1.0 9e95eddcf939 5 seconds ago 319MB
mysql latest be960704dfac 2 weeks ago 602MB
openjdk 11.0-jre-buster 57925f2e4cff 2 years ago 301MB
nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 6 years ago 108MB
[rootserver02 demo]# docker run -d --name dd -p 8080:8080 docker-demo:1.0
a8fd9609526f1f185148cd5e37bb795d06a100e4660ba57a500cbb206d9d849b
[rootserver02 demo]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a8fd9609526f docker-demo:1.0 java -jar /app.jar 54 seconds ago Up 52 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080-8080/tcp, :::8080-8080/tcp dd
dbf730d0ef60 mysql docker-entrypoint.s… About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
c0f9d2c91c9d nginx nginx -g daemon of… 3 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:90-80/tcp, :::90-80/tcp nginx
[rootserver02 demo]#网络 删除网络
[rootserver02 demo]# docker network rm hmall
hmall
新增
[rootserver02 demo]# docker network create wmmczk
462fcfdc6cb2467df985c1eee7c2ca355713321ca05646a4376ec73c8ed71c93显示网络详情
[rootserver02 demo]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
2479e9c603f8 bridge bridge local
18a3f1a81ca7 host host local
f3b8297a3f91 none null local
462fcfdc6cb2 wmmczk bridge local将Mysql加入网络并起别名db
[rootserver02 demo]# docker network connect wmmczk mysql --alias db将dd加入网络
[rootserver02 demo]# docker network connect wmmczk dd
[rootserver02 demo]# docker exec -it dd bash从dd访问nysql 的别名db
roota8fd9609526f:/# ping db
PING db (172.19.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from mysql.wmmczk (172.19.0.2): icmp_seq1 ttl64 time0.152 ms
64 bytes from mysql.wmmczk (172.19.0.2): icmp_seq2 ttl64 time0.151 ms
^C
--- db ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 3ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev 0.073/0.125/0.152/0.038 ms
roota8fd9609526f:/# ping mysql
PING mysql (172.19.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from mysql.wmmczk (172.19.0.2): icmp_seq1 ttl64 time0.258 ms
64 bytes from mysql.wmmczk (172.19.0.2): icmp_seq2 ttl64 time0.098 ms
64 bytes from mysql.wmmczk (172.19.0.2): icmp_seq3 ttl64 time0.072 ms
^C
--- mysql ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 4ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev 0.072/0.142/0.258/0.083 ms
roota8fd9609526f:/#创建容器时加入 --network 【容器名称】 就可直接加入网络但是不加入默认网络。
项目部署
后端项目
[rootserver02 demo]# cd /root
[rootserver02 ~]# docker build -t hmall .
[] Building 2.3s (8/8) FINISHED docker:default [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s transferring dockerfile: 298B 0.0s [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre-buster 0.0s [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s transferring context: 2B 0.0s [1/3] FROM docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre-buster 0.0s [internal] load build context 0.7s transferring context: 68.24MB 0.7s CACHED [2/3] RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime echo Asia/Shanghai /etc/timezone 0.0s [3/3] COPY hm-service.jar /app.jar 1.2s exporting to image 0.3s exporting layers 0.3s writing image sha256:97c798b4ad66621ffe0c767374828880c0a4b1fc060804c4b6bba53511f9bf24 0.0s naming to docker.io/library/hmall 0.0s
[rootserver02 ~]# dis
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hmall latest 97c798b4ad66 5 seconds ago 370MB
docker-demo 1.0 9e95eddcf939 38 minutes ago 319MB
mysql latest be960704dfac 2 weeks ago 602MB
openjdk 11.0-jre-buster 57925f2e4cff 2 years ago 301MB
nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 6 years ago 108MB
[rootserver02 ~]# docker rm -f dd
dd
[rootserver02 ~]# docker run -d --name hm -p 8080:8080 --network wmmczk hmall
8de6cc8dcaf73d9452794482fb43327a617a7f7d1b4174baf03143bc1424f0f4
[rootserver02 ~]# docker logs -f hm. ____ _ __ _ _/\\ / ____ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | _ | _| | _ \/ _ | \ \ \ \\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /|_||___//_/_/_/:: Spring Boot :: (v2.7.12)23:13:45:771 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.hmall.HMallApplication : Starting HMallApplication v1.0.0 using Java 11.0.13 on 8de6cc8dcaf7 with PID 1 (/app.jar started by root in /)
23:13:45:778 DEBUG 1 --- [ main] com.hmall.HMallApplication : Running with Spring Boot v2.7.12, Spring v5.3.27
23:13:45:780 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.hmall.HMallApplication : The following 1 profile is active: dev
23:13:48:750 INFO 1 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Multiple Spring Data modules found, entering strict repository configuration mode
23:13:48:761 INFO 1 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data Redis repositories in DEFAULT mode.
23:13:48:873 INFO 1 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 30 ms. Found 0 Redis repository interfaces.
23:13:51:096 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
23:13:51:130 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat]
23:13:51:131 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.75]
23:13:51:355 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
23:13:51:355 INFO 1 --- [ main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 5400 ms_ _ |_ _ _|_. ___ _ | _
| | |\/|_)(_| | |_\ |_)||_|_\/ |3.4.3
23:13:57:392 INFO 1 --- [ main] pertySourcedRequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/v2/api-docs] onto method [springfox.documentation.swagger2.web.Swagger2ControllerWebMvc#getDocumentation(String, HttpServletRequest)]
23:13:59:106 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path
23:13:59:108 INFO 1 --- [ main] d.s.w.p.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper : Documentation plugins bootstrapped
23:13:59:116 INFO 1 --- [ main] d.s.w.p.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper : Found 1 custom documentation plugin(s)
23:13:59:356 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.d.s.w.s.ApiListingReferenceScanner : Scanning for api listing references
23:14:00:473 INFO 1 --- [ main] com.hmall.HMallApplication : Started HMallApplication in 16.316 seconds (JVM running for 17.706)
好了我们已经熟悉了Docker的基本用法接下来可以尝试部署项目了。
在课前资料中已经提供了一个黑马商城项目给大家如图 项目说明 hmall商城的后端代码 hmall-portal商城用户端的前端代码 hmall-admin商城管理端的前端代码 部署的容器及端口说明 项目 容器名 端口 备注 hmall hmall 8080 黑马商城后端API入口 hmall-portal nginx 18080 黑马商城用户端入口 hmall-admin 18081 黑马商城管理端入口 mysql mysql 3306 数据库 在正式部署前我们先删除之前的nginx、dd两个容器 docker rm -f nginx dd
mysql容器中已经准备好了商城的数据所以就不再删除了。 3.1.部署Java项目
hmall项目是一个maven聚合项目使用IDEA打开hmall项目查看项目结构如图 我们要部署的就是其中的hm-service其中的配置文件采用了多环境的方式 其中的application-dev.yaml是部署到开发环境的配置application-local.yaml是本地运行时的配置。 查看application.yaml你会发现其中的JDBC地址并未写死而是读取变量 这两个变量在application-dev.yaml和application-local.yaml中并不相同 在dev开发环境也就是Docker部署时采用了mysql作为地址刚好是我们的mysql容器名只要两者在一个网络就一定能互相访问。 我们将项目打包 结果 将hm-service目录下的Dockerfile和hm-service/target目录下的hm-service.jar一起上传到虚拟机的root目录 部署项目 # 1.构建项目镜像不指定tag则默认为latest docker build -t hmall . # 2.查看镜像 docker images # 结果 REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hmall latest 0bb07b2c34b9 43 seconds ago 362MB docker-demo 1.0 49743484da68 24 hours ago 327MB nginx latest 605c77e624dd 16 months ago 141MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 17 months ago 516MB # 3.创建并运行容器并通过--network将其加入hmall网络这样才能通过容器名访问mysql docker run -d --name hmall --network hmall -p 8080:8080 hmall 测试通过浏览器访问http://你的虚拟机地址:8080/search/list 前端项目
删除原有的Nginx容器
[rootserver02 ~]# docker rm -f nginx
nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8de6cc8dcaf7 hmall java -jar /app.jar 11 hours ago Exited (143) 11 hours ago hm
dbf730d0ef60 mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 13 hours ago Exited (0) 11 hours ago mysql
[rootserver02 ~]#创建新Nginx容器并进行挂载和加入网络
修改配置文件即后端容器的名字使前端可以访问后端
worker_processes 1;events {worker_connections 1024;
}http {include mime.types;default_type application/json;sendfile on;keepalive_timeout 65;server {listen 18080;# 指定前端项目所在的位置location / {root /usr/share/nginx/html/hmall-portal;}error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;location /50x.html {root html;}location /api {rewrite /api/(.*) /$1 break;proxy_pass http://hm:8080;}}server {listen 18081;# 指定前端项目所在的位置location / {root /usr/share/nginx/html/hmall-admin;}error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;location /50x.html {root html;}location /api {rewrite /api/(.*) /$1 break;proxy_pass http://hm:8080;}}
}
然后创建nginx容器并完成两个挂载 把/root/nginx/nginx.conf挂载到/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 把/root/nginx/html挂载到/usr/share/nginx/html 由于需要让nginx同时代理hmall-portal和hmall-admin两套前端资源因此我们需要暴露两个端口 18080对应hmall-portal 18081对应hmall-admin
命令如下
docker run -d \--name nginx \-p 18080:18080 \-p 18081:18081 \-v /root/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \-v /root/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \--network wmmczk\nginx [rootserver02 ~]# docker rm -f nginx
nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8de6cc8dcaf7 hmall java -jar /app.jar 11 hours ago Exited (143) 11 hours ago hm
dbf730d0ef60 mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 13 hours ago Exited (0) 11 hours ago mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# ^C
[rootserver02 ~]# docker run -d \--name nginx \-p 18080:18080 \-p 18081:18081 \-v /root/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \-v /root/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \--network wmmczk\nginx
c1330ae115775b962cf7582805e9feb010ea5b322fcfc3d9aea2a1fa7035eeaf
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c1330ae11577 nginx nginx -g daemon of… 6 seconds ago Exited (1) 4 seconds ago nginx
8de6cc8dcaf7 hmall java -jar /app.jar 11 hours ago Exited (143) 11 hours ago hm
dbf730d0ef60 mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 13 hours ago Exited (0) 11 hours ago mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# docker start nginx
nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker start hm
hm
[rootserver02 ~]# docker start mysql
mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c1330ae11577 nginx nginx -g daemon of… About a minute ago Exited (1) 59 seconds ago nginx
8de6cc8dcaf7 hmall java -jar /app.jar 11 hours ago Up 46 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080-8080/tcp, :::8080-8080/tcp hm
dbf730d0ef60 mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 13 hours ago Up 40 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# docker start nginx
nginx
[rootserver02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c1330ae11577 nginx nginx -g daemon of… About a minute ago Up 5 seconds 80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18080-18081-18080-18081/tcp, :::18080-18081-18080-18081/tcp nginx
8de6cc8dcaf7 hmall java -jar /app.jar 11 hours ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:8080-8080/tcp, :::8080-8080/tcp hm
dbf730d0ef60 mysql docker-entrypoint.s… 13 hours ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[rootserver02 ~]#DockerCompose docker run 参数 docker compose 指令 说明 --name container_name 容器名称 -p ports 端口映射 -e environment 环境变量 -v volumes 数据卷配置 --network networks 网络
配置文件
version: 3.8services:mysql:image: mysqlcontainer_name: mysqlports:- 3306:3306environment:TZ: Asia/ShanghaiMYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123volumes:- ./mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d- ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql- ./mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.dnetworks:- hm-nethmall:build: context: .dockerfile: Dockerfilecontainer_name: hmallports:- 8080:8080networks:- hm-netdepends_on:- mysqlnginx:image: nginxcontainer_name: nginxports:- 18080:18080- 18081:18081volumes:- ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf- ./nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/htmldepends_on:- hmallnetworks:- hm-net
networks:hm-net:name: hmall [rootserver02 ~]# docker rm -f hm nginx mysql
hm
nginx
mysql
[rootserver02 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hmall latest 97c798b4ad66 12 hours ago 370MB
docker-demo 1.0 9e95eddcf939 12 hours ago 319MB
mysql latest be960704dfac 2 weeks ago 602MB
openjdk 11.0-jre-buster 57925f2e4cff 2 years ago 301MB
nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 6 years ago 108MB
[rootserver02 ~]# docker rmi hmall docker-demo
Untagged: hmall:latest
Deleted: sha256:97c798b4ad66621ffe0c767374828880c0a4b1fc060804c4b6bba53511f9bf24
Error response from daemon: No such image: docker-demo:latest
[rootserver02 ~]# docker compose up -d
WARN[0000] /root/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
[] Building 0.1s (8/8) FINISHED docker:default [hmall internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s transferring dockerfile: 298B 0.0s [hmall internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre 0.0s [hmall internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s transferring context: 2B 0.0s [hmall internal] load build context 0.0s transferring context: 38B 0.0s [hmall 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre-buster 0.0s CACHED [hmall 2/3] RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc 0.0s CACHED [hmall 3/3] COPY hm-service.jar /app.jar 0.0s [hmall] exporting to image 0.0s exporting layers 0.0s writing image sha256:3e78751a9f66a7824c8dd9a65bc7efa11c9e8def1e7be 0.0s naming to docker.io/library/root-hmall 0.0s
[] Running 4/4✔ Network hmall Created 0.1s✔ Container mysql Started 0.5s✔ Container hmall Started 0.9s✔ Container nginx Started 1.7s
[rootserver02 ~]# docker compose images
WARN[0000] /root/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
CONTAINER REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID SIZE
hmall root-hmall latest 3e78751a9f66 370MB
mysql mysql latest be960704dfac 602MB
nginx nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 108MB
[rootserver02 ~]# docker compose ps
WARN[0000] /root/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
NAME IMAGE COMMAND SERVICE CREATED STATUS PORTS
hmall root-hmall java -jar /app.jar hmall 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080-8080/tcp, :::8080-8080/tcp
mysql mysql docker-entrypoint.s… mysql 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp
nginx nginx nginx -g daemon of… nginx 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18080-18081-18080-18081/tcp, :::18080-18081-18080-18081/tcp
[rootserver02 ~]#
